Melasma Prevention: How to Stop Dark Patches Before They Start

When melasma, a common skin condition causing brown or gray-brown patches, usually on the face. Also known as chloasma, it’s not dangerous—but it can be stubborn and hard to hide once it appears. Most people notice it on their cheeks, forehead, or upper lip, especially after sun exposure or during pregnancy. The good news? You can often stop it before it starts.

Sun protection, the single most effective way to prevent melasma isn’t just about sunscreen. You need broad-spectrum SPF 30 or higher, reapplied every two hours, even on cloudy days. Hats with wide brims and UV-blocking sunglasses help too. Many people think they’re safe indoors or in the car, but UVA rays penetrate glass and trigger pigment cells. If you’re prone to melasma, skipping daily sun defense is like lighting a match near gasoline.

Hormonal changes, like those from birth control pills, hormone replacement therapy, or pregnancy, are another major trigger. If you notice darkening patches after starting a new medication or during pregnancy, talk to your doctor. Sometimes switching to a lower-dose pill or non-hormonal option helps. It’s not always avoidable—but knowing the link lets you act faster. Topical treatments like hydroquinone, azelaic acid, or tranexamic acid can slow pigment production, but they work best when used early and paired with sun protection.

Skincare products with harsh ingredients—like fragrances, alcohol, or strong exfoliants—can irritate the skin and make melasma worse. If your skin is sensitive, stick to gentle cleansers and moisturizers. Some people swear by niacinamide or vitamin C serums, and while research is still growing, they’re generally safe and may help even out tone. Avoid waxing or chemical peels on areas prone to melasma; trauma to the skin can trigger more pigmentation.

There’s no magic cure, but prevention is way easier than reversal. If you’ve had melasma before, you’re at higher risk of it coming back. That means staying consistent—not just when you see spots, but every single day. Sunscreen isn’t optional. It’s your first line of defense. And if you’re using hormones, keep an eye on your skin. Small changes now can save you months of frustration later.

Below, you’ll find real-world guides on managing skin conditions linked to melasma, from how to pick the right sunscreen to understanding how medications affect your skin. These aren’t just theory—they’re what people actually use to keep their skin clear.